"Airships past and present - together with chapters on the use of balloons in connection with meteorology, photography and the carrier pigeon" by A. Hildebrandt, captain and instructor in the Prussian Balloon Corps (1908). Pictures, table of contents and list of illustrations below. Related: Camping in the clouds - the zeppelin that never lands / Green slow air cargo / Kite aerial photography.
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CONTENTS.
I. THE EARLY HISTORY OF THE ART ...... 1
II. THE INVENTION OF THE AIR BALLOON . . . . . 9
III. MONTGOLFIERES, CHARLIERES, AND ROZIERES . . . . 14
IV. THE THEORY OF THE BALLOON ....... 27
V. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIRIGIBLE BALLOON ... 38
VI. THE HISTORY OF THE DIRIGIBLE BALLOON, 1852 1872 . . 48
VII. DIRIGIBLE BALLOONS- FROM 1883 1897 53
IX. FLYING MACHINES 90
X. KITES * 116
XI. PARACHUTES . . . 124
XII. THE DEVELOPMENT OF MILITARY BALLOONING .... 128
XIII. BALLOONING IN THE FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WAR .... 141
XIV. MODERN ORGANISATION OF MILITARY BALLOONING IN FRANCE,
GERMANY, ENGLAND, AND RUSSIA 151
XV. MILITARY BALLOONING IN OTHER COUNTRIES .... 169
XVI. BALLOON CONSTRUCTION AND THE PREPARATION OF THE GAS . 175
XVII. INSTRUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . 192
XVIII. BALLOONING AS A SPORT 197
XIX. SCIENTIFIC BALLOONING . . . . . . . . 238
XX. BALLOON PHOTOGRAPHY 284
XXI. PHOTOGRAPHIC OUTFIT FOR BALLOON WORK . . . . 302
XXII. THE INTERPRETATION OF PHOTOGRAPHS 323
XXIII. PHOTOGRAPHY BY MEANS OF KITES AND ROCKETS . . . 337
XXIV. PROBLEMS IN PERSPECTIVE 340
XXV. CARRIER PIGEONS FOR BALLOONS 343
XXVI. BALLOON LAW 358
INDEX
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
1. THE THRONE OP XERXES DRAWN THROUGH THE AIR BY FOUR TAME
EAGLES . . .... . . . . * . . 2
2. FAUSTE VERANZIO IN HIS PARACHUTE . . ... . . 3
3. THE PLYING SHIP, DESIGNED BY FRANCISCO DE LANA ... 4
4. PHOTOGRAPH OF AUGSBURG, SHOWING THE CATHEDRAL. TAKEN
FROM A BALLOON BY A. RIEDINGER . . . . . . 5
5. MEERWEIN'S FLYING MACHINE. FROM MOEDEBECK'S " POCKET BOOK
FOR BALLOONISTS " . ' 7
6. CLOUDS PHOTOGRAPHED FROM A BALLOON 10
7. ASCENT OF A " MONTGOLFIERE " 11
8. PORTJENGRAT, AN ALPINE PEAK. PHOTOGRAPH BY SPELTERINI . 15
9. A SUCCESSFUL LANDING . . . .16
10. APPARATUS FOR GENERATING HYDROGEN . . . 20
11. PARIS, SHOWING THE EIFFEL TOWER ...... 21
12. A BALLOON IN THE ACT OF LANDING 23
13. THE "ROZIERE," CONSTRUCTED BY PILATRE DE ROZIER ... 24
14. THE BAROSCOPE . . . ' . . . . '. . .28
15. VIENNA. PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN FROM A CAPTIVE BALLOON . . 29
16. STOCKHOLM, SEEN FROM A HEIGHT OF 1,600 FEET . . . .31
17. THE STATOSCOPE, BY GRADENWITZ . . . . . . .35
18. A PARADE ON THE TEMPELHOFER FELD . . . 36
19. BALLOON WITH SAIL, AND WITH GUIDE-ROPE 40
20. SCOTT'S FISH BALLOON . .41
21. BALLOON, DESIGNED BY GENERAL MEUSNIER 45
22. GIFFARD'S DIRIGIBLE BALLOON, MADE IN 1852 . . . . 48
23. GIFFARD'S SECOND BALLOON, MADE IN 1855 50
24. DUPUY DE LOME'S BALLOON, 1872 . . . . . . .51
25. PAUL HAENLEIN'S DIRIGIBLE BALLOON 52
26. THE BASKET OF TISSANDIER'S DIRIGIBLE BALLOON . ... 53
27. TISSANDIER'S DIRIGIBLE BALLOON 54
28. THE BALLOON " LA FRANCE," BUILT BY RENARD AND KREBS . . 56
29. CAPTAIN RENARD 57
30. DR. WOLFERT'S DIRIGIBLE BALLOON ABOUT TO START ... 58
31. SCHWARZ'S BALLOON AFTER THE ACCIDENT 59
32. COUNT ZEPPELIN'S DIRIGIBLE BALLOON 62
33. COUNT ZEPPELIN 63
34. SANTOS DUMONT 66
35. SANTOS DUMONT'S SECOND BALLOON BREAKS ITS BACK, MAY HTH,
1899 67
36. SANTOS DUMONT'S THIRD BALLOON . .... 68
37. GRADENWITZ ANEMOMETER 69
38. EOZE'S DOUBLE BALLOON . 72
39. SEVERO'S BALLOON ABOUT TO START 75
40. FRAMEWORK AND CAR OF L^BAUDY'S DIRIGIBLE BALLOON . . 78
41. CAR OF L^BAUDY'S BALLOON . . 79
42. LE"BAUDY'S DIRIGIBLE BALLOON 81
43. MAJOR PARSEVAL'S DIRIGIBLE BALLOON 85
44. COUNT DE LA VAULX . . .86
45. COUNT DE LA VAULX'S DIRIGIBLE BALLOON 87
46. DEGEN'S FLYING MACHINE . ... . . . . .90
47. DIAGRAMS ILLUSTRATING MAREY'S THEORY WITH REFERENCE TO
THE FLIGHT OF A BIRD 91
48. STENTZEL'S FLYING MACHINE 92
49. DUFAUX' FLYING MACHINE WITH PROPELLERS . . . . . 94
50. SANTOS DUMONT'S FIRST FLYING MACHINE 95
51. PHILLIPS' FLYING MACHINE 97
52. SIR HIRAM MAXIM'S FLYING MACHINE 98
53. ADER'S FLYING MACHINE . . . 99
54. KRESS'S FLYING MACHINE 100
55. DITTO 101
56. STARTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR PROFESSOR LANGLEY'S FLYING
MACHINE '-..-.. 103
57. PROFESSOR LANGLEY'S FLYING MACHINE AT THE MOMENT OF
STARTING ... 104
58. HOFMANN'S FIRST MODEL WITH CARBONIC ACID MOTOR . _ . 105
59. HOFMANN'S WORKING MODEL . 105
60. HERR HOFMANN AND MR. PATRICK ALEXANDER IN THE WORKSHOP 106
61. LILIENTHAL ON HIS FLYING MACHINE 107
62. LILIENTHAL STARTING FROM THE HILL ON HIS FLYING MACHINE 108
63. STARTING AN AEROPLANE 110
64. AEROPLANE IN FLIGHT 1ll
65. ARCHDEACON'S EXPERIMENTS ON THE SEINE 113
66. LANGLEY'S FLYING MACHINE ON THE POTOMAC . . . .114
67. WELLNER'S FLYING MACHINE 115
68. THE JAPANESE "MAY CARP " 116
69. HARGRAVE KITE 117
70. OTHER SHAPES OF HARGRAVE KITES 117
71. VARIOUS FORMS OF KITES . .118
72. CODY'S KITE 119
73. CODY'S KITE USED AS A CAPTIVE BALLOON ... .120
74. KITE FOR SIGNALLING 121
75. SIGNALLING BY MEANS OF LIGHTS FROM A KITE . . . .121
76. LIEUTENANT WISE MAKING AN ASCENT IN A KITE . . . .122
77. MILLET'S KITE CARRYING OBSERVERS 123
78. COOKING'S PARACHUTE 125
79. FRAULEIN KATHE PAULUS PREPARING TO DESCEND IN HER PARA-
CHUTE . . . . ..... . 126
80. FRAULEIN KATHE PAULUS WITH HER DOUBLE PARACHUTE . 126
81. FALL OF A PARACHUTE . . ... . . 127
82. METHODS OF TRANSPORTING A CAPTIVE BALLOON . 129
83. LANDING OF A BALLOON IN THE STREETS OF STRASSBURG . . 130
84. BELLE-ALLIANCE PLATZ, BERLIN, TAKEN FROM A BALLOON . 132
85. HELPING TO LAND A BALLOON . . . . . . . . .133
86. A BALLOON ABOUT TO LAND . . . . . . . . 135
87. KITE-BALLOON AT ANCHOR . . . . '. . . 137
88. STEAM WINCH FOR PULLING IN A CAPTIVE BALLOON . . . 142
89. GUN CONSTRUCTED BY KRUPP FOR FIRING AT BALLOONS . . 145
90. SKETCH ILLUSTRATING THE METHOD OF AIMING AT A BALLOON . 147
91. WAGGON CARRYING GAS CYLINDERS FOR ONE DIVISION OF THE
BALLOON CORPS . . . . . . . . . . 149
92. OLD METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROGEN. .. .. . .. :..' 152
93. MODERN GAS WAGGON . . . ; . . . ... 153
94. FRENCH METHOD OF SUSPENDING THE BASKET FOR AN OBSERVER. 155
95. ONE OF THE BALLOONS IS PEGGED DOWN IN THE OPEN FIELD,
AND THE OTHER IS SUNK IN A SPECIALLY PREPARED PIT . . 156
96. FRONT AND REAR WAGGONS OF A MODERN GAS EQUIPMENT FOR
USE IN THE FIELD . .' ... , . ... . 157
97. WAGGON CARRYING TOOLS AND APPLIANCES, THE BALLOON BEING
PACKED ON THE TOP . . . . . . ^ . . . 159
98. BALLOONS USED FOR WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY ON THE TEMPELHOFER
FELD . . . . . ... . ... ' . 161
99. BARRACKS FOR THE PRUSSIAN BALLOON CORPS AT TEGEL . .163
100. A COLLECTION OF EXPLODED GAS CYLINDERS . , ... 164
101. CAPTAIN HINTERSTOISSER, OF THE AUSTRIAN BALLOON CORPS . 166
102. AFTER A LANDING . . , . . . ... .171
103. A BALLOON READY FOR INFLATION '. . 173
104. ASCENT OF A CAPTIVE BALLOON IN CALM WEATHER . . . 176
105. ASCENT OF A CAPTIVE BALLOON ON A WINDY DAY . . . 177
106. STEEL CYLINDER FOR CONTAINING HYDROGEN 179
107. SECTION THROUGH STEEL CYLINDER 179
108. MAKING BALLOON ENVELOPES IN REIDINGER'S FACTORY . . . 181
109. PROFESSOR FINSTERWALDER'S PATTERNS FOR BALLOON ENVELOPES 182
110. BALLOON VALVES 183
111. THE FIRST RIPPING-PANEL USED IN A BALLOON IN 1844 . . 185
112. ARRANGEMENTS FOR RIPPING-PANEL . . . . , . 185
113. NET OF A BALLOON 186
114. DIFFERENT KINDS OF GRAPNEL 186
115. THE KITE-BALLOON DESIGNED BY MAJOR VON PARSEVAL AND
CAPTAIN VON SIGSFELD 187
115A. DITTO 188
116. DRAWING SHOWING THE DESIGN OF THE KITE-BALLOON . . 189
117. BASKET SUSPENSION 190
118. ANEROID BAROMETER . ........ 192
119. BAROGRAPH, OR RECORDING BAROMETER . . . .. 193
120. BALLOON BASKET AND ITS CONTENTS 194
121. VOLLBEHR'S MICROPHOTOSCOPE 194
122. MICROPHOTOSCOPE IN CASE 195
123. MICROPHOTOSCOPE, WITH MAGNIFYING GLASS FOR USE IN DAYLIGHT 195
124. PROFESSOR BUSLEY, PRESIDENT OF THE BERLIN BALLOON CLUB . 199
125. A BANK OF CLOUDS 201
126. BALLOON AFTER THE RIPPING-CORD HAS BEEN PULLED . . . 202
127. THE HOFBURG, VIENNA . . 203
128. HELIGOLAND 205
129. WATER ANCHOR FOR BALLOON 209
130. BALLOON EXPEDITIONS ACROSS THE ENGLISH CHANNEL . . .211
131. COUNT DE LA VAULX' BALLOON OVER THE MEDITERRANEAN . . 212
132. BASKET OF COUNT DE LA VAULX' BALLOON . . . . . 212
133. COUNT DE LA VAULX' DE VIATOR IN ACTION . . . . . 213
134. DEVIATOR OFFERING THE MAXIMUM RESISTANCE .... 214
135. DEVIATOR OFFERING THE MINIMUM RESISTANCE . . . . 215
136. MAP SHOWING THE COURSE OF THE BALLOON FROM BERLIN TO
MARKARYD 216
137. CURVE GIVEN BY THE RECORDING BAROMETER ON THE JOURNEY
FROM BERLIN TO MARKARYD 217
138. STOCKHOLM SEEN FROM AN ALTITUDE OF 3,000 FEET . . . 221
139. MISCHABELHORN, SEEN FROM THE EAST 222
140. THE LAKE OF LUCERNE 227
141. BALLOON AND BALLOONISTS ON THEIR WAY HOME .... 229
142. LANDING IN A TREE 231
143. DILLINGEN, SEEN THROUGH THE CLOUDS . . . . . . 232
144. BUILDING A PONTOON OVER THE SPREE . . .... 235
145. BRIDGE OVER THE ILLER, NEAR KEMPTEN 236
146. DR. JEFFRIES WITH THE BAROMETER USED ON HIS ASCENTS . . 240
147. APPARATUS FOR GENERATING HYDROGEN ..... 241
148. GLAISHER AND COXWELL IN THE BASKET 244
149. GLAISHER'S INSTRUMENTS 245
150. BASKET FITTED WITH INSTRUMENTS ACCORDING TO THE METHOD
PROPOSED BY ASSMANN 247
151. ASSMANN'S ASPIRATOR-PSYCHROMETER 248
152. PROFESSOR ASSMANN AND PROFESSOR BERSON 249
153. THE KAISER ATTENDING THE ASCENT OF A RECORDING BALLOON
ON THE TEMPELHOFER FELD, NEAR BERLIN . . . .251
154. MAJOR MOEDEBECK 252
155. CAPTAIN VON SIGSFELD 252
156. CAPTAIN GROSS . 253
157. A RECORDING BALLOON WITH INSTRUMENTS . 254
158. A WICKKRWORK BASKET WITH INSTRUMENTS FOR A RECORDING
BALLOON 255
159. DR. HERGESELL . . . 256
160. ASCENT OF A BALLOON, FITTED WITH A PARACHUTE, AT LINDENBERG 257
161. ASCENT OF A BOX KITE CONTAINING METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS 258
162. WINCH HOUSE AT ASSM ANN'S AERONAUTICAL OBSERVATORY . . 259
163. CURVKS TAKEN BY RECORDING INSTRUMENTS . . . . .261
164. CURVES GIVEN BY RECORDING INSTRUMENTS . . . . . 262
165. A. LAURENCE ROTCH . 264
166. KITE ASCENTS ON THE PRINCE OF MONACO'S YACHT . . . 265
167. RECORDING BALLOONS ON THE SS. "PLANET" . . ; ' . . 266
168. THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGIST, ROTCH, MAKING SOME KITE
ASCENTS ON THE ATLANTIC . . . . . . . . 267
169. BARO-THKRMO-HYGROGRAPH, DESIGNED FOR BALLOONS . . . 269
170. BARO-THERMO-HYGROGRAPH, DESIGNED FOR KITES . ' . . . 270
171. BARO-THERMO-HYGROGRAPH, DESIGNED FOR RECORDING BALLOONS 271
172. PROFESSOR SURING, OF THE PRUSSIAN METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE 272
173. THE BALLOON, "PRUSSIA." BELONGING TO THE AERONAUTICAL
OBSERVATORY . 273
174. HERR VON SCHROETTER'S ORDINARY HANDWRITING . . . . 274
175. HERR VON SCHROETTER'S HANDWRITING UNDER AN ATMOSPHERIC
PRESSURE OF 9'45 INCHES OF MERCURY. . . . . . 275
176. THE BALLOON, "PRUSSIA," HALF FULL OF GAS . . ... 276
177. THE BALLOON, "PRUSSIA," GETTING READY FOR AN ASCENT . . 277
178. VIKTOR SILBERER, PRESIDENT OF THE AERO CLUB, OF VIENNA . 279
179. THE SHADOW OF THE BALLOON IS SEEN ON THE CLOUDS, TOGETHER
WITH A HALO . - . . . . 280
180. THE SHADOW OF THE BALLOON IS CAST ON THE CLOUDS, AND THE
CAR IS SEEN SURROUNDED BY A RAINBOW . . . . .281
181. TRIBOULET'S PANORAMIC APPARATUS . . 288
182. THE FIRST PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN FROM A BALLOON IN AUSTRIA . 289
183. THE REICHSBRUCKE IN VIENNA . ... . . . . 290
184. EASTERN RAILWAY STATION IN BUDAPESTH ..... 294
185. CLOUDS OVER THE ALPS . . . . . . . 298
186. PHOTOGRAPH, OF A VILLAGE 299
187. PHOTOGRAPH OF A VILLAGE, TAKEN AT NIGHT . . . . 300
188. DUCOM'S PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS 304
189. HAGEN'S METHOD OF MOUNTING THE CAMERA ..... 304
190. PHOTOGRAPH OF THE EXHIBITION BUILDINGS ... . 306
191. BARON VON BASSUS' RIFLE APPARATUS ...... 308
192. VAUTIER-DUFOUR APPARATUS, PACKED IN ITS CASE . . . 309
193. VAUTIIiR-DUFOUR APPARATUS, READY FOR USE 309
194. AIGUILLE VERTE, TAKEN WITH THE VAUTIER-DUFOUR APPARATUS 310
195. AIGUILLE VERTE, TAKEN WITH AN ORDINARY LENS . . .311
196. FILM HOLDER . 312
197. DIAGRAM SHOWING THE RELATION BETWEEN THE FOCAL LENGTH
OP THE LENS, THE SIZE OF THE IMAGE, AND THE DISTANCE OF
THE OBJECT 317
198. MONT BLANC, AS SEEN FROM GENEVA . . . see fating page 317
199. DITTO ; . - . see facing page 317
200. PYRAMIDS OF CHEOPS, CHEPHREN, AND MENCHERES . . . . 318
201. CAPTAIN SPELTERINI, OF ZURICH . . . . . . 320
202. VILLAGE IN POSEN, AS SEEN FROM A BALLOON IN WINTER . . 323
203. HERRENBERG IN WURTTEMBURG 324
204. . . . 325
205. VIEW OF BLANKENBURG IN THE HARZ MOUNTAINS . . . 326
206. RUDERSDORF . . . 327
207. CHALKPITS NEAR RUDERSDORF 328
208. VILLAGE IN THE UCKERMARK IN WINTER ..... 329
209. OBJECTS OF DIFFERENT COLOURS, PHOTOGRAPHED FROM ABOVE . 330
210- DITTO . 331
211. CAMERA FOR THREE-COLOUR PHOTOGRAPHY 332
212. SLIDING SCREEN CARRIER FOR THREE-COLOUR PHOTOGRAPHY . . 333
213. MIETHE'S CAMERA FOR THREE-COLOUR PHOTOGRAPHY IN A BALLOON 334
214. BOULADE'S STEREOSCOPIC CAMERA 336
215. BATUT'S KITE FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS .... 338
216. PANORAMIC APPARATUS FOR A BALLOON WITHOUT OBSERVERS . 338
217. THE VILLAGE OF EUDOW, AS SHOWN ON THE ORDNANCE MAP . 340
218. PHOTOGRAPH OF RUDOW, TAKEN FROM A BALLOON . . .341
219. PHOTOGRAPHIC REPRODUCTION OF MESSAGES ON A REDUCED SCALE 345
220. DARK SLATE.-COLOURED CARRIER PIGEON BELONGING TO HERR
FLORING 350
221. HAYNAU IN SILESIA. TAKEN FROM A HEIGHT OF 8,000 FEET . 352
222. IN THIS PHOTOGRAPH THE SHADOW OF THE BALLOON IS SEEN ON
THE "OLD FORTIFICATIONS ........ 355
Related
Camping in the clouds : the zeppelin that never lands
Green slow air cargo : the revival of the airship
Kite aerial photography
A practical guide for automobilists (1901)
No Tech Magazine / Low-tech Magazine
